In vitro & in vivo studies on MINAZEL PLUS

H. Farkas, Jog Raj, J. Bosnjak-Neumüller & Marko Vasiljevic
PATENT CO, Serbia

Mycotoxins

Mycotoxins are secondary
metabolites that are produced by
moulds stressed by environmental
and management factors, such as
extreme temperatures, drought,
flooding and harvesting techniques.

In the following trials, MINAZEL PLUS, which is referred to as MP, was used.

LESS POLAR MYCOTOXIN
ADSORPTION

MINAZEL PLUS is a result of organic
modification of clinoptilolite surface,
well known for adsorbing polar and
non-polar mycotoxins.

pH

The adsorbent MP is highly effective
across a wide spectrum pH range as
it absorbs a greater percentage of
mycotoxins in low pH gastric juices
and does not desorb mycotoxins
in the presence of intestinal juices
where pH is close to neutral.

ADSORPTION/DESORPTION

The analysis carried out in our
laboratory using LC-MS/MS (Combined
analysis with Liquid Chromatography
and Mass Spectrometry) and have
revealed that MP can adsorb all
major mycotoxins more than
80% with very low desorption.

Adsorbent(%)

Desorption(%)

SPEED OF ADSORPTION

Exposure to mycotoxins is mostly by ingestion. Only the
fraction of an orally ingested mycotoxin, in a certain food
matrix, that finally reaches the systemic circulation and is
distributed throughout the entire body, exert its toxic effect.
The bioaccessibility of the mycotoxins corresponds with the
number mycotoxins present in the alimentary bolus and that
are available for absorption in the small intestine. Certain
mycotoxins are absorbed faster after oral intake. After 30 min
they can be found in the blood, and after 60 min in the liver.

Speed of adsorption (LC-MS/MS)

In vivo studies

The aim of this study was to
investigate the efficacy of the
mycotoxin binder in the prevention
of the detrimental effects of
Ochratoxin A (OTA) in laying hens.

Animals
48 laying hens (27-week-old)
were used in this study.

TREATMENTS & DIETS
The hens were randomly divided
to six equal groups and were
fed during 7 weeks with
the following diets:

• Negative Control - Standard diet without mycotoxins
• Treatment I - Standard diet + 1 mg/kg OTA
• Treatment II - Standard diet + 0,25 mg/kg OTA
• Treatment III - Standard diet +
  0,25mg/kg OTA + 0,2% MP
• Treatment IV - Standard diet +
  1 mg/kg OTA + 0,2% MP
• Positive Control - Standard diet without
  mycotoxins + 0,2% MP

PARAMETERS
Influence of OTA on production
parameters (body weight, feed
consumption, number and mass
of eggs) was monitored.

Table 1. Body weight of laying hens during the trial (g).

Laying hens fed with diets contaminated with OTA, and
supplemented with 0,2% of MP, achieved better production
results compared to the results recorded in the hens that
were given food contaminated with OTA without binder.
The supplementation of MP in the standard diet,
by itself resulted in the higher body
weight, number of eggs
and improved feed
conversion ratio than
in the control
group of hens
(fed with
standard diet
without any
addition).
During the experiment, starting
from the second week, the BW
of hens was significantly lower in
T-I group in relation to all other
experimental and control groups.
Also, a group of hens which
received just the adsorbent MP in
commercial diet, had significantly
higher BW compared to the hens
in T-I, T-II and T-III group (Table 1).
Compared to the all experimental and
control group, feed consumption was
significantly lower in the hens that
received diet with 1 mg/kg of OTA.
Also, the hens of T-II group, which are
given diet with 0,25 mg/kg OTA, had
periodically lower BW in comparison
with the hens in T-III, T-IV group, as
well as in comparison with hens in
the MP and Positive Control groups.

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Table 2. Feed consumption (g). These results are consistent with the data of Duarte et al. (2011) and Denli et al. (2008) Datos estadísticamente signi cativos

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Number of eggs in T-I group
during the 2nd and 3rd weeks of
the study, was significantly lower
than the number of eggs in the
other experimental and control
groups. This trend continued until
the end of the experiment.
It is interesting that a group of hens
which received 1 mg/kg OTA + 0,2%
MP (T-III), produced a significantly
higher number of eggs in relation
to T-I group. This result indicates
the achievement of the protective
effect of the mycotoxin binder
against OTA in the feed of hens.
The highest number of eggs
produced hens that have received
commercial diet containing 0.2% MP.

Table 3.Number of eggs, Statistically significant results. These results are consistent with the data
of Duarte et al. (2011) and Denli et al. (2008)

CONCLUSIONS

The OTA expressed a negative
impact on body weight and
feed consumption in both the
applied concentrations.

The addition of MP 0,2% in the
feed, improves all production
parameters in laying hens,
regardless of whether they are
fed with or without OTA.

The feed consumption in hens treated
with OTA was lower compared
to the results in other groups.

Adding MP in food contaminated
with OTA showed a protective action
with respect to harmful effects
of mycotoxins on the observed
physiological parameters in hens. A
clear protective effect against OTA
by the adsorbent MP was exhibited
on the number of laid eggs.

References upon request

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